Create a simple window

In this lesson we will write a Windows program, it will display a standard desktop window.

Theory:

Windows program, in writing graphical user interface needs to call a large number of standard Windows Gui function. This is indeed beneficial to both users and programmers, for users, face a window with a set of standards, the operation of these windows are the same, so use a different application without having to re-learn operation. To the programmer, these are after Gui source code of Microsoft's rigorous testing can be used at any time bring. As for the specific course, to write programs for programmers still difficult. In order to create a window-based applications, must strictly abide by the norms. Achieve this is not difficult, as long as the use of modular or object-oriented programming can be.

I have listed below a window in the desktop display a few steps:

Get your application handle (required);
Get command line parameters (if you want to get from the command line parameters, optional);
Register window class (required, unless you use the Windows predefined window class, such as the MessageBox or dialog box;
Create window (required);
Display window on the desktop (required unless you do not want to immediately display it);
Refresh the window client area;
Access to unlimited access to the window message loop;
If there is a message arrives, the window for the window callback function processing;
If the user closes the window, to exit the deal.
Compared to single-user programming under DOS is, Windows the procedure under the framework structure is quite complex. However, Windows and DOS in the system architecture is completely different. Windows is a multitasking operating system, so the system while there are synergies between multiple applications running. This requires Windows programmer must strictly comply with programming specifications, and to develop good programming style.

Content:

Here is our simple window program's source code. Enter the complex details, I will outline key points focused on the vital territories of points:

You should use the program to all the constants and the structure of the declaration into a header file, and the beginning of the source code contains the header files. To do so will save you a lot of time, so that once again Qiaojian Pan. Currently, the most perfect is the hutch to write header files, you can go to the hutch or my website. You can also define your own constants and structure, but the best put them in a separate header file
With includelib instructions, including your program to the library file, for example: if your program to call the "MessageBox", you should add the following line in the source file: includelib user32.lib This statement tells MASM that your program will use some to introduce library. If you reference more than a library, simply adding includelib statement, do not worry about how to deal with so many linker library, as long as the link with the link switch / LIBPATH can specify the path where the library.
Use in other parts of the definition of function prototypes in header files, constants, and structure, it is necessary to maintain and strictly defined in the same header file, including the case. Function definition in the query, this will save you a lot of time;
Compile, link with the makefile file, remove duplicate keystroke.
.386
. Model flat, stdcall
option casemap: none
include masm32includewindows.inc
include masm32includeuser32.inc
includelib masm32libuser32.lib; calls to functions in user32.lib and kernel32.lib
include masm32includekernel32.inc
includelib masm32libkernel32.lib

WinMain proto: DWORD,: DWORD,: DWORD,: DWORD

. DATA; initialized data
ClassName db "SimpleWinClass", 0; the name of our window class
AppName db "Our First Window", 0; the name of our window

. DATA?; Uninitialized data
hInstance HINSTANCE?; Instance handle of our program
CommandLine LPSTR?
. CODE; Here begins our code
start:
invoke GetModuleHandle, NULL; get the instance handle of our program.
; Under Win32, hmodule == hinstance mov hInstance, eax
mov hInstance, eax
invoke GetCommandLine; get the command line. You don''t have to call this function IF
; Your program doesn''t process the command line.
mov CommandLine, eax
invoke WinMain, hInstance, NULL, CommandLine, SW_SHOWDEFAULT; call the main function
invoke ExitProcess, eax; quit our program. The exit code is returned in eax from WinMain.

WinMain proc hInst: HINSTANCE, hPrevInst: HINSTANCE, CmdLine: LPSTR, CmdShow: DWORD
LOCAL wc: WNDCLASSEX; create local variables on stack
LOCAL msg: MSG
LOCAL hwnd: HWND

mov wc.cbSize, SIZEOF WNDCLASSEX; fill values in members of wc
mov wc.style, CS_HREDRAW or CS_VREDRAW
mov wc.lpfnWndProc, OFFSET WndProc
mov wc.cbClsExtra, NULL
mov wc.cbWndExtra, NULL
push hInstance
pop wc.hInstance
mov wc.hbrBackground, COLOR_WINDOW +1
mov wc.lpszMenuName, NULL
mov wc.lpszClassName, OFFSET ClassName
invoke LoadIcon, NULL, IDI_APPLICATION
mov wc.hIcon, eax
mov wc.hIconSm, eax
invoke LoadCursor, NULL, IDC_ARROW
mov wc.hCursor, eax
invoke RegisterClassEx, addr wc; register our window class
invoke CreateWindowEx, NULL,
ADDR ClassName,
ADDR AppName,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,
NULL,
hInst,
NULL
mov hwnd, eax
invoke ShowWindow, hwnd, CmdShow; display our window on desktop
invoke UpdateWindow, hwnd; refresh the client area

. WHILE TRUE; Enter message loop
invoke GetMessage, ADDR msg, NULL, 0,0
. BREAK. IF (! Eax)
invoke TranslateMessage, ADDR msg
invoke DispatchMessage, ADDR msg
. ENDW
mov eax, msg.wParam; return exit code in eax
ret
WinMain endp

WndProc proc hWnd: HWND, uMsg: UINT, wParam: WPARAM, lParam: LPARAM
. IF uMsg == WM_DESTROY; if the user closes our window
invoke PostQuitMessage, NULL; quit our application
. ELSE
invoke DefWindowProc, hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam; Default message processing
ret
. ENDIF
xor eax, eax
ret
WndProc endp

end start

Analysis:

A simple Windows program to see so many lines, you are not a bit like withdraw? But you need to know is above most of the code is just the template, the template means entails the code on almost all standard Windows programs it is the same. Writing Windows programs, you can copy the code to copy to, of course, write code to duplicate one of these libraries are also very good. In fact, the real focus to write the code in WinMain. This is the same number of C compilers, do not be concerned with other chores and concentrate on the WinMain function. The only difference is the C compiler source code requires that you have to have a function called WinMain. Otherwise, C will not know which functions and the code around the link. Relative C, assembly language provides greater flexibility, it does not require a force called WinMain function.

Now we start analyzing, you can get mentally prepared, this is not a very easy living.

.386
. Model flat, stdcall
option casemap: none

WinMain proto: DWORD,: DWORD,: DWORD,: DWORD

include masm32includewindows.inc
include masm32includeuser32.inc
include masm32includekernel32.inc
includelib masm32libuser32.lib
includelib masm32libkernel32.lib

You can be the first three lines as a "must".

.386 Told us to use 80386 instruction set MASN.
. Model flat, stdcall tell MASM we use memory addressing modes, where you can join the stdcall tell MASM we use the agreed parameters.

Next is the WinMain function prototype affirm, because we later use to the function, it must be declared. We must include window.inc file, because it contains a lot of use to the constant and the structure is defined, the file is a text file, you can use any text editor to open it, window.inc not contain all the constants and structure definition, but hutch, and I have been constantly adding new content. If you temporarily can not find in window.inc, you may also join.

Our program calls stationed in user32.dll (example: CreateWindowEx, RegisterWindowClassEx) and kernel32.dll (ExitProcess) in the function, it must link two libraries. Then if I ask: what library you need to chain into your program? The answer is: first find the function you want to call any library, and then included. For example: If you want to call the function in gdi32.dll, you must include gdi32.inc header file. And compared with MASM, TASM will have to be much simpler, you can simply introduce a library that is: import32.lib.

. DATA

ClassName db "SimpleWinClass", 0
AppName db "Our First Window", 0

. DATA?

hInstance HINSTANCE?
CommandLine LPSTR?

Followed DATA "section." In. DATA, we defined two to NULL terminated string (ASCIIZ): ClassName which is the Windows class name, AppName is the name of our window. These two variables are initialized. Not initialize volume on the two sides. DATA? "Section" in which representatives of the application handle hInstance, CommandLine save the parameters passed from the command line. HINSTACE and LPSTR name the two data types, which are defined in the header file, an alias can be seen as a DWORD, the reason for such a re-set just to easy to remember. You can view windows.inc files in. DATA? The variables are not initialized, which means that the program has just started what their values are irrelevant, just hold a piece of memory, the future can re-use it.

. CODE
start:
invoke GetModuleHandle, NULL
mov hInstance, eax
invoke GetCommandLine
mov CommandLine, eax
invoke WinMain, hInstance, NULL, CommandLine, SW_SHOWDEFAULT
invoke ExitProcess, eax
.....
end start

. DATA "section" contains all your application code that must have been. Code and between the end. The label's name as long as the Windows standard and to ensure compliance with the only the specific name does not matter what Dao Shi. We process the first statement is called GetModuleHandle to find the handle to our application. In Win32, the application handle and module handle is the same. You can handle as an instance of your application ID. We call some function is regarded as a parameter to be passed, it will be at the beginning and saved it can save a lot of things.

Special Note: WIN32 handle to the next instance of your application is actually a linear address in memory.

WIN32 functions in the function return value if it is to pass through the eax register. The value of other parameters can be passed in. return address. A WIN32 function is called when the segment register and always keep it ebx, edi, esi and ebp registers, while the value of ecx, and edx is always uncertain and can not return is to apply. Special Note: From the Windows API function return, eax, ecx, edx call in the value and not necessarily the same as before. When the function returns, the return value is placed in eax. If your application available to the Windows function calls, we must also respect the point, that is, at the entrance to save the segment register in the function and ebx, esp, esi, edi and the function returns the value of the resume. If not this way, then your application will soon collapse. From your program, call the function available to Windows in general there are two: Windows window procedure and the Callback function.

If your application does not handle the command line then do not call GetCommandLine, here is just to tell you how to do it if you want to call should be.

Here is the call to WinMain a. The function of a total of four parameters: the application instance handle, the application of the previous instance handle, command-line parameters string pointer and a window to display. Win32 does not handle the concept of the previous examples, so the second parameter is always 0. The reason is to keep it and Win16 compatibility considerations, in Win16, if hPrevInst is NULL, then the function is first run. Special Note: You do not have to declare a function called WinMain, in fact, in this respect you can completely decide that you do not even have an equivalent function and WinMain. As long as you are copying it GetCommandLine WinMain code after the function they achieve exactly the same. In the WinMain returns, the return code into eax in. Then by the end of the application ExitProcess function to the return code passed to Windows.

WinMain proc Inst: HINSTANCE, hPrevInst: HINSTANCE, CmdLine: LPSTR, CmdShow: DWORD

The above definition is WinMain. Note that with the proc command after the parameter: type form of parameters, which are passed to WinMain by the caller, and we quote directly using the parameter name can be. As for the stacking and the balance of return stack when the stack at compile time by the MASM before adding the relevant order and the order of assembly instructions to carry out. LOCAL wc: WNDCLASSEX LOCAL msg: MSG LOCAL hwnd: HWND LOCAL pseudo-instruction for the local variables on the stack allocated memory space, all the LOCAL directive must be followed after the PROC. LOCAL followed by a statement of the variables in the form of the variable name: variable type. For example, LOCAL wc: WNDCLASSEX that tells MASM to the local side called wc amount allocated in the stack length is the length of WNDCLASSEX structure memory space, then we use the local variable is no need to consider the stack, taking into account under DOS compilation, to say that this is a gift. But this requires that local variables declared at the end of the release of the stack in the function room (that can not be referenced in function in vitro), another drawback is that you can not initialize because your local variables, have to again later in another their assignment.

mov wc.cbSize, SIZEOF WNDCLASSEX
mov wc.style, CS_HREDRAW or CS_VREDRAW
mov wc.lpfnWndProc, OFFSET WndProc
mov wc.cbClsExtra, NULL
mov wc.cbWndExtra, NULL
push hInstance
pop wc.hInstance
mov wc.hbrBackground, COLOR_WINDOW +1
mov wc.lpszMenuName, NULL
mov wc.lpszClassName, OFFSET ClassName
invoke LoadIcon, NULL, IDI_APPLICATION
mov wc.hIcon, eax
mov wc.hIconSm, eax
invoke LoadCursor, NULL, IDC_ARROW
mov wc.hCursor, eax invoke
RegisterClassEx, addr w

The above lines from the concept that really are very simple. As long as a few lines of instructions can be achieved. The main concept is the window class (window class), a window the window class is a specification, this specification defines a window of several major elements, such as: icons, cursors, background colors, and is responsible for handling the window function . When you generate a window must have such a window class. If you want to generate more than one window of the same type, the best way is to store up to the window class, this method can save a lot of memory space. Maybe today you will not feel too much, but look at the most only 1M PC memory, to do so is necessary. If you want to define your own window class must be created: In a WINDCLASS or WINDOWCLASSEXE structure of the constituent elements indicate your window, and then call the RegisterClass or RegisterClassEx, Then according to the window class created window. Windows on the different characteristics of different window class must be defined. WINDOWS There are several predefined window class, such as: buttons, edit boxes, etc.. To generate the kind of style of window is not required to redefine the window class, and as long as the package pre-defined class class name as a parameter can call CreateWindowEx.

The most important members of the WNDCLASSEX than lpfnWndProc the. Prefix lpfn that the member is a pointer to a function of the long pointer. In the Win32 memory model is FLAT because of type, there is no difference between near or far. Each window class must have a window procedure, when the Windows window belonging to a specific message to the window, the window of the window class to deal with all the news, such as a keyboard or mouse message message. As the process window intelligently handled almost all of the windows message loop, so you just joined the message in which the process can be. Now I will explain each member WNDCLASSEX

WNDCLASSEX STRUCT DWORD
cbSize DWORD?
style DWORD?
lpfnWndProc DWORD?
cbClsExtra DWORD?
cbWndExtra DWORD?
hInstance DWORD?
hIcon DWORD?
hCursor DWORD?
hbrBackground DWORD?
lpszMenuName DWORD?
lpszClassName DWORD?
hIconSm DWORD?
WNDCLASSEX ENDS

cbSize: WNDCLASSEX size. We can use the sizeof (WNDCLASSEX) to obtain accurate values.
style: class derived from this window, the window has style. You can use "or" operator to put some style or together.
lpfnWndProc: window handle function pointers.
cbClsExtra: specified immediately after the window class structure for the additional bytes.
cbWndExtra: examples in the window after the specified followed by additional bytes. If an application using the resources CLASS pseudo instructions to register a dialog class, then the member must be set to DLGWINDOWEXTRA.
hInstance: The instance handle of the module.
hIcon: Handle of the icon.
hCursor: cursor handle.
hbrBackground: background brush handle.
lpszMenuName: a pointer pointing to the menu.
lpszClassName: a pointer pointing to class name.
hIconSm: and the small icon associated window class. If the value is NULL. Put the hCursor the icon into the appropriate size of small icons.
invoke CreateWindowEx, NULL, ADDR ClassName, ADDR AppName, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,
NULL, hInst, NULL

Register window class, we will call CreateWindowEx to create the actual window. Please note that the function has 12 parameters.

CreateWindowExA proto dwExStyle: DWORD, lpClassName: DWORD, lpWindowName: DWORD,
dwStyle: DWORD, X: DWORD, Y: DWORD, nWidth: DWORD, nHeight: DWORD, hWndParent: DWORD, hMenu: DWORD,
hInstance: DWORD, lpParam: DWORD

We take a closer look at these parameters:

dwExStyle: Add window style. Compared to the old CreateWindow This is a new parameter. In 9X/NT you can use the new window style. Style you can specify the window style in general, but some special window style, such as top-level window must be specified in this parameter. If you do not specify any particular style, it serves to this parameter set to NULL.
lpClassName: (required). ASCIIZ form of window class name of the address. Can be your custom class, it can be the predefined class name. As described above, each application must have a window class.
lpWindowName: ASCIIZ form of the name of the address window. The name appears in the title bar. If this parameter blank, the title bar nothing.
dwStyle: window style. Here you can specify the appearance of the window. You can specify this parameter is zero, but not as the window system menu, there is no maximize and minimize buttons, there is no close button, so you have to press Alt + F4 to close it. The most common window class style is WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW. A kind of window style is a bitwise mask, so that you can use "or" the window you want style or up. As WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW is the most inconvenient by several common style or up.
X, Y: the upper left corner of the window specified in pixels of the screen coordinates. Default can be specified as CW_USEDEFAULT, so Windows will automatically specify the most suitable location window.
nWidth, nHeight: in pixels of the window size. Default can be specified as CW_USEDEFAULT, so Windows will automatically specify the most suitable size of the window.
hWndParent: parent window handle (if any). This parameter tells Windows that this is a child window and his parent window is. This MDI (multiple document structure) is different here is not limited to child window and parent window client area. He just used to tell Windows paternity between the various windows in order to destroy the parent window is destroyed together with its child windows. In our example program, because only one window, so set this parameter to NULL.
hMenu: WINDOWS menu handle. If only the system menu is designated the parameter NULL. Looking back WNDCLASSEX structure lpszMenuName parameters, it also specifies a menu, this is a default menu, any class derived from the window If you want to use other menu windows need re-specified in the parameter. In fact, this parameter has a dual meaning: on the one hand, if this is a custom window menu handle on behalf of the parameter, on the other hand, if this is a pre-defined window, the argument on behalf of the window ID. Windows is based on lpClassName parameter to distinguish between a custom window or predefined window.
hInstance: create the instance of the application window handles.
lpParam: (optional) point to the window want to pass data structure pointer type parameters. If the window in the production of MDI in the delivery CLIENTCREATESTRUCT structure parameters. In general, the total value of zero, which means that there is no parameter to the window. By GetWindowLong function retrieves the value.


mov hwnd, eax
invoke ShowWindow, hwnd, CmdShow
invoke UpdateWindow, hwnd

After the success of calling CreateWindowEx, the window handle in eax of. We must save this value for later use. We have just created a window does not automatically display, it must call ShowWindow to follow our hope that the way to display the window. The next call UpdateWindow to update the client area.

. WHILE TRUE
invoke GetMessage, ADDR msg, NULL, 0,0
. BREAK. IF (! Eax)
invoke TranslateMessage, ADDR msg
invoke DispatchMessage, ADDR msg
. ENDW

This time we have a window on the screen. But it can not receive messages from the outside world. Therefore, we must provide relevant information to it. We cycle through a message to complete the work. Each module has only one news cycle, we continue to call the GetMessage to get a message from Windows. GetMessage passes a MSG structure to Windows, then Windows in the function of filling the relevant information, has been to Windows to find and fill GetMessage will return to the good news. During this time, control of the system may be transferred to other applications. This constitutes a multi-task structure under Win16. If GetMessage received WM_QU99v message will return FALSE, so that the end loop and exit the application. TranslateMessage is a utility function is a function, it received the original key messages from the keyboard, and then interpreted WM_CHAR, in the WM_CHAR into the message queue, because after the explanation of the message containing the ASCII key code, scan code than the original good understanding much more. If your application does not deal with key messages, you can not call the function. DispatchMessage will send a message to the window procedure responsible for the function.

mov eax, msg.wParam
ret
WinMain endp

If the news cycle is over, exit code stored in the wParam in MSG, you can put it in eax register to pass the current Windows does not use Windows to the end of the code, but we'd better comply with the Windows standard has anti-accident.

WndProc proc hWnd: HWND, uMsg: UINT, wParam: WPARAM, lParam: LPARAM

It is our window handler. You can easily give the function name. The first parameter hWnd is the handle of the window to receive messages. uMsg is to receive messages. Note uMsg is not a MSG structure, in fact, only a DWORD type on the number. Windows define hundreds of messages, most of your application will not handle the. When news of the window occurs, Windows will send a related message to the window. The window procedure handler is smart to deal with these messages. wParam and lParam only additional parameters, to facilitate the transfer and the message more relevant data.

. IF uMsg == WM_DESTROY
invoke PostQuitMessage, NULL
. ELSE
invoke DefWindowProc, hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam
ret
. ENDIF
xor eax, eax
ret
WndProc endp

Key part of the above can be said. This is why we need to write Windows programs a major part of the rewrite. Here you check the Windows transfer program over the news, if news is we are interested to be addressed, dealt with, pass 0 in eax register, or must call DefWindowProc, to the window procedure receives the parameters passed to the lack of Province window handler. All messages you have to deal with the WM_DESTROY, when your application at the end of Windows to deliver the news came in an application when you explain to the message on the screen when it has disappeared, which is only to inform your application window has been destroyed, you must prepare their own return to Windows. In this message, you can do some cleanup, but can not prevent exit the application. If you want to do that, you can handle WM_CLOSE message. After processing the clean-up work, you must call PostQuitMessage, the function will WM_QU99v message back to your application, but the message will make GetMessage return, and put 0 in eax register, and then the end of the message loop and return WINDOWS . You can call your program DestroyWindow function, which sends a WM_DESTROY message to your own applications, thus forcing it to withdraw.







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鈼?financial, and material risks


Among those risks, the risk of employee work behavior is the unit leader needs the greatest protection, the most difficult to guard against risks. Accurate management of enterprises and institutions based on the management of common problems and to study the phenomenon, and risk analysis within the organization, full use of information management systems to solve the above problems and phenomena, effective prevention of the various risk management .


Software is a sword, business users are swordsman, precision management is secret, as the precise management of master Yun Feng Luan three into one will be very clever, the first in their own internal management by accurately managing and obtain the results, but he has not been satisfied, self-appointed behind closed doors, but open up the door to communication, management style and his experience and share a large number of entrepreneurs, his goal is for each company to the domestic are trained to peerless master, a hundred years to tap into the international market. From 1983 to 1991, more than 80 academic papers published in national papers, universities and enterprises in China such as Beijing University Guanghua School of Management, Tsinghua University, China Telecom Group, China Association for Science, China Cheng Tong, China Railcom , China Railway Construction Group, Asia are technology, innovation and technology, Matsushita Electric, New Oriental Education Group, and a "precise management", "team training", "precision marketing" and other speeches of dollars more than 400 screenings. More than 4,000 enterprises with a "precision management model" for enterprises and management. Forward to: "Everything under control - the exact operational management", "precision management & implementation tools" and other books. 2004 was named the outstanding figures of China's reform, those who took part in lectures LUAN Yun-feng, president and professors were scholars to be able to hear in person from the scene of his lecture to students in basic business management honor, field packed audience of staff. Hebei Zhangjiakou Chen 10000 software, general manager of the North, said: If you do not manage to listen to accurate, I think hear their indifferent, but after listening to today, If we had not decided to listen to, then I will regret forever. "Foreign Management" magazine, Yang Peiting President said: precision management thinking has been recognized as the world's enterprises, has become a science in a course, there is a practical guide for enterprise management mode.


In the print media and Internet, TV ads do not see any gold and advertising company, when the media have all kinds of software associations comments excellent software manufacturers, do not see the shadow of gold, but gold's user base has been spread like water, less than 5 years have 4,000 corporate customers in the enjoyment of precision management to bring them happiness. When China reported through the layers of the computer to find this mining company was shocked: They did a number of software vendors publicity and coverage, but all in less than two years in the province of disappeared for a manufacturer to consumer. The gold is simply an incredible miracle, not a penny of the network information has to do with such a huge user base, the whole company full of vigor and vitality. In the interview the user, the ORG said: precision management to help us on the market. Cantiny said: precision management to help us finance and increase the efficiency of our office to solve the problem has long been a headache, so we take such good management tells her classmates and friends.


As a master of management thinking, LUAN Yun-Feng not only did not indulge in the existing achievements, he used to say "Actually I am not as smart you how much any one person, I know not many of you who have many things worthy of my learning . "In addition to accurate management thinking outside of ongoing research, has also developed one called" Xuan Yuan Yu's sword "sword-C6. 10 name in the ancient Chinese sword, the "Xuan Yuan Yu's sword" is the first sword, are said to look first for the Yellow Emperor Two Birds Copper Mountain, after the transfer and Xia Yu. Blade side of the moon and stars carved, hand carved mountains and vegetation. Hilt side of the keeper of the book the art of farming, hand written policy for universal unification. Set courage, wisdom, love ... ... all in one, is a Holy Sword, Firm But Gentle lasing Index: infinite. The implication is 6 C: Communication Communication, Collaboration Collaboration, Control control, Creation Innovation, Culture and cultural, Center Center) before the 6 C-5 and precise management thought all the problems and phenomena corresponds to the last Center Center embodies the concept of the core platform that C6 various business systems to enterprise integration and to form a truly unified collaborative platform for senior business leaders control the situation, leading the company rapid, steady, healthy growth.


LUAN Yun-Feng armed with the "Xuan Yuan Yu's sword" sword-C6, leading the disciples and followers of the way the public will come to kill, much monopolized by the trend, showing off the first real content in the industry, irresistible force will manage the entire enterprise software market been caused by a tornado, then not only will companies crazy, crazy, application rate, the efficiency will be even crazy.







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The Hai Lute: national, world's

Joan Chen: "Nuclear high-based" special to be drying faster

June 16 at 4:00 p.m., in charge of China's software industry more than 20 years of "old Justice", is now president of the China Software Industry Association of Chen Chong guest Sina, on the development of software-related topics including exchange. Joan Chen said, the state enacted the "nuclear high base" of major projects, should be "drying faster."

Nuclear high base is the "core of electronic devices, high-end general chips and basic software products," short for major science and technology projects.

Thirteenth Soft Expo China in Beijing last week just ended, June 18 (week 4), seventh in China held in Dalian Software Fair in turn. In order for the majority of users to better understand the Chinese software industry for so many years of development, Sina technology software industry experts invited guest Sina, talked about different aspects of China's software industry development gains and losses.

Joan began in 1984 in charge of China's software industry, claiming to be "the first Chinese civil service management software industry," starting from the Commissioner, has been the Secretaries of retirement, now he served as chairman of the Chinese Software Industry Association.

Guest Introduction:

Joan Chen, April 22, 1944 was born in September 1967 physics graduate of Peking University, professorial senior engineers, from 1967 to 1970 basic training, from 1970 to 1975 Anshan, Liaoning red tractor factory technicians, from 1975 to 1988 E 6 Institute of the Ministry of Industry, Senior Engineer, from 1985 to 1988 Bureau of Ministry of Electronics Industry Computer Software Engineering Director, from 1988 to 1993 machinery and electronics industry computer software, the Director of the Division, from 1993 to 1998 Ministry of Electronics Industry Computer Division Deputy Director, from 1998 to 2002, Electronic Information Products Division Deputy Director, from 2002 to May 2004, Electronic Information Products Division is the Division level inspector, in May 2004 has served the software industry in China Association. Mr. Chen Chong has been committed to guide and promote the development of China's software industry.

Wonderful view:

I am from the 1984 pipe, you can also say this, China's management software industry, the civil service is my first, I was in 1984 transferred to the National Computer Bureau, as Director of Software Engineering Department. So, in 90 years ago, people called me "Mr Director", 90 years later called "Chen Division."

Since 2000, (China's software industry) are more than 30% annual growth last year reached 757.3 billion, an increase of 10 times, this growth rate is very, very fast.

Technically, at that time (90 years) We also made our own operating system, and with our machines, but also made some applications, but life is relatively short. Why? Technology constantly updated, it can not keep up, so from that time industrialization it is very very important.

The highest leadership said, if you will not come out more favorable policies, or to perform in accordance with document 18. I have been involved in the formulation of 18 documents, I do not want this on the 18th file is always so, this policy is to nurture and strengthen our software industry.

Terms from the application level, we narrowed the gap is growing, but the software is a very special industry, if you want to do strong, you must use your basic techniques, there is no basis for product development is not up.

Particularly wants the state to carry out more effectively support the flowers to the place should be spent. I own management software for so many years, to so much money I am very excited with the now fashionable words not bad money, the key difference is that you have the ability to market to do down.

(For nuclear high-yl) We emphasize that one must be quick-drying.

Record the following text for the interview:

Moderator Niu Li Xiong: you friends, I'm SAN cattle Lixiong. The two major annual event in the software industry - Soft Fair and soft intersection with news of recent, we know that soft Expo just over four soft Fair this week should be held in Dalian. In order to better understand the majority of users the software industry for so many years of development, we have invited a very authoritative in the software industry guests, he is in charge of our country for many years the software industry, Joan Chen Director, Mr Director is now retired served as chairman of China Software Industry Association, Mr Secretary, you are welcome.

Joan Chen: Members friends Hello everybody, I am glad to meet with you.

Director of China's software industry veteran of 20 years witnessed the development of

Moderator: Joan Although retired, the China Software Industry Association as the chairman, but many in the software industry who met with you, also are used to call you "Mr Secretary," because you can say for many years has witnessed China's software industry development. Division began to call upon us to recall Chen, I remember you from the very beginning of control software is the Director of the beginning of it.

Joan Chen: Actually, I am from the 1984 pipe, you can also say this, China's management software industry, the civil service is my first, I was in 1984 transferred to the National Computer Bureau, as Director of Software Engineering Department. So, in 90 years ago, people call me "Mr Director", 90 years later called "Chen Division" because the industry we all Jiaoshu.

Moderator: Then is this not also accompanied by the software industry because of expansion of the scale, our office was later upgraded to a Division?

Joan Chen: As the software industry, software industry's role in all growing. So, start the computer we call the Secretary, the software accounts for a large proportion, so the time for me as a deputy director, I was one management software. Second, the management software application. Applications at that time called some of the software and some hardware, hardware and software I have control, then called the Director. Secretary or to set up a recent Ministry of Industry and Information Technology was the first real set up a software services division, which is the dream, but I have retired.

Moderator: You retired, but you are still inside as the trade association has done a lot of contributions. Chen Division, remember the time or the Department, when the national software industry is what kind of situation?

Joan Chen: I am I start from the beginning, in fact, the development of China's software technology is not late 60's, 70's, we have done a lot of work. Because at that time the software is dependent on the hardware, basically on the computer software is that the Secretary, the beginning of the software has no independent existence, the early 80s when, in particular the development of microcomputers, such as the United States of Microsoft's DOS, such as in software products out only after becoming an industry, we lag a little bit country, 84 years before, when our country was established as the software industry, to manage the software industry in the design of a software engineering office. Why is called the Software Engineering Department at that time? Because not from the hardware and software combination works, but also the software industry, then in fact we started to develop.

But in 80 years time, mainly as a technology, after the establishment of the Department has done three events. Because this is a knowledge product, emphasizing intellectual property protection, was to develop software protection regulations on many occasions, this is a. Second, because the former are engaged in software technology, has been the industrialization of the then international, and that time stressed the need to develop our own domestic software products. Third, the time has also been realized to develop software, to have our own base, was also been put forward to build our own software environment. Since then we embarked on gradually on the road of industrialization, this road is hard, after all, developed rapidly abroad, we have gradually evolved to slow some. In particular, to the gap between the early 90s, the gap is mainly the product, commercialization, because it is an industry, technically speaking, when we made our own operating system, and with our The machine also did some applications, but life is relatively short. Why? Technology constantly updated, it can not keep up, so from that time industrialization it is very very important.

18 essential text on the software industry

Moderator: We all know that the software industry, see the official statistics showed that since 2000 we entered a very rapid growth, there is not some background on edge inside?

Joan Chen: This is very important. To 90 years later, when we went to 90's, low production value is very low. Where the reasons? Was found competent government leadership, the main is not our technology can not keep up that was in industrialization can not keep up in a timely manner can not be up to date. So, at this time, from the 90's, we would encourage the software industry a number of policy research, from the protection of intellectual property, technological innovation, product industrialization, has been and to tax, capital, capital. So, after many years of training, finally enacted in 2000, document No. 18. 2000, we all know that our software value is 56 billion in 2000 compared to 1999 almost doubled. Why do you say that? In June 2000 after the paper issued on the 18th, for our software industry has created a very good environment. Therefore, the policy environment on the development of the industry is very, very critical, precisely because of the support document No. 18, that encourage us to innovate, to encourage us to integrate, to encourage tax, etc., give us some good policy. Therefore, since 2000, every year more than 30% growth last year reached 757.3 billion, an increase of 10 times, this growth rate is very, very fast.

Moderator: In the show, many government leaders, regardless of Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Science, Industry and Information Ministry have expressed a high degree of growth in the software industry, joy, also placed high hopes. We talk to the new article 18 in tax benefits, why the 18th article of the software industry to promote particularly large?

Joan Chen: Why 18 particularly large role in promoting culture? Because we want to encourage software companies technical input, input is very important. Secondly, I want to encourage software companies to nurture talent. Two in our 18 document reflects very, very good. I give it tax breaks, concessions are not casual use, offer for it? For new product development for services for manpower training. Therefore, training of personnel expenditures to the taxes could be included in the expenditures. This point, given to a very vital place.

In addition, the government investment in key technologies have also made a larger investment. Some time ago, the main input in the basic multi-application platform. This time, why do we insist on the soft Expo done? Soft Expo in fact reflect the words of Premier Wen Jiabao, the financial crisis we must have faith, which we show some of the domestic software industry's current situation our own products, we own the hardware, including the industrial chain, because inside there are many alliances. Therefore, this software will ultimately sentence, on the 18th article of our software industry has played a very, very big direction and support the evolving role. Therefore, we are very grateful to 18 documents, but also because of the 18th file, our software industry, enterprises stand to the height, because each company has its own interests, want to consider their own development, but more importantly, saw my interest in the industry to build a good foundation. We all know that the pot has the bowl only. In fact the Government to do is to bring us to Guo Lifang things, with the words we are now, everyone wants a bigger cake, since we have a bigger sub. About 18 file can not just pay more attention to technology research, 18 documents not only pay attention to technology, but also pay attention to the industry. I now use the words of the software development industry words: Innovation, Integration. Innovation, including technological innovation, including new business model innovation. Fusion is for us to form a chain, with the words of fashionable now, we integrated into an industrial chain, integrated, and users together to serve the user better. So, this is a service concept. We do not want to say that the Chinese people and the concept of difference, in fact, we speak of integration, in effect, embodies the concept of service, more stylish with the words, the embodiment of our integrated innovation, integrated innovation, the development of the software industry is very important. The reason why the rapid development, and our efforts are inseparable, but more importantly we should have a good environment, the environment, the development of our software industry is very, very big role. Therefore, the software industry are very great importance to our government to create an environment, we now want the financial crisis, we have to carefully deal with the crisis in the demand machine. The soft-Bo is for everyone to increase confidence at the meeting.

New article 18 reasons for the delay in release

Moderator: That is such an important article on the 18th, so the first two years at the National People's Congress deputies, many IT industry has put forward, hoping to extend this 18 article, because we know that this requirement is 2010, and now see also to the concerted efforts of various ministries, to maintain the same or more favorable offer, this should be more reassuring. Now many in the industry do not understand why the text of the extension 18 is such a complicated project, has been calling for so many years, now in 2009, and has not come out.

Joan Chen: The reasons here are two aspects of our industry, is itself a problem. How is the industry's problems? Because the software industry is constantly expanding in an industry that is my field, I continue to develop product form, the first time we are providing technology to the user, not an industry is gradually providing a product, products and technology of course is mine. We talked about the progressive development of more and more is to provide the system, there are products that I have all the products, and now we all know that not only have to provide service delivery systems. For new areas, service is important because the software industry and all walks of life is gradually becoming more integration. We say, do not lift yourself too high, I said I did not have to lift themselves too high. Why? Because society is gradually moving toward an information society. Previous information systems people how to do it, and I as you made a information system, this information system you understand more things, no longer do so in the future, for new business, new planning, that is, Software undertaking new fields, and the new field not only my new area is to gradually improve its user products, it's business. This case, so the product is not enough enough incentives, how to support? Is my policy because the original is very specific and also very effective, so be careful when changing. It is necessary to take into account the momentum of the original development, not all has changed, then the original mass would be affected. Have to take care of the original, but also highlight the new. In this case, the new revisions is very complex. Therefore, the highest leadership said, if you will not come out more favorable policies, or to perform in accordance with document 18. I have been involved in the formulation of 18 documents, I do not want this on the 18th file is always so, as things continue to develop, I also hope to develop, but one truth is constant, this policy is to nurture and strengthen our software industry.

Why do I talk about the Bible? Stressed at the outset, or to develop software industry bigger, because our market is enormous, and now can not fully meet the domestic needs. In addition, we do strongly. At this point, the development of new policies is crucial for us.

Secondly, the software industry to this extent, want to give it offers, the industry is also a discussion on the subject of all. I say, if you do not give a traditional part of the concession can still rolling. However, the new part must give privileges, I always wanted to offer, and the vitality of the software industry is always a new part. So, I say a few words on the software business: the first sentence, beginning users when using my software without me, mean I wholeheartedly for you. The second sentence, should I. I serve you well, can not forget I'll give you sweep the table, I also give you service you provide, that is, that I, by constantly upgrading our technology development. I have to be strong, the strength of the current gap between us and the international or larger, or dominant force in the international community. In the present circumstances, can in some newly emerging field, led us to carry out. Leading that too arrogant, and in fact is to increase my voice. The Expo is also the embodiment of soft we have the right to speak, the key has the right to speak does not work, to speak. How to speak? Should be beneficial to our software stronger. But not for me stronger and stronger, but for industrial development, in order to shape the industry. Many people are willing to talk software is service, I said it translated well, because the software that is good service, software and services can not be equated, the software is first-class technology, products, systems, and customer contact time, but is a service. So, I spoke in front of a word, no I looked outside, but in essence have my. Development of software industry, the current document is still very critical, 18, is critical, and we hope that the critical moment in the development, continue to support the software. I do not want to be unfair inside various industries, but to see the software industry's development in all walks of life are the preferential policies play important supporting role. Because without me, are the products for other industries to upgrade and manage updates. Say a harsh word, I can not say that my century-old software industry is, immortal. May develop to a certain extent, I might to a certain industry in integration, they divided. No matter how divided, after all, a software technology, software technology, after all, through products, systems, is a complete chain, and industry together, it is very important.

Moderator: Mr Secretary was saying that we must have a new text of 18 preferential policies for software industry, one important reason is the software industry needs to develop not only their own industry, and its many other industries can improve their efficiency. China's software industry in the development process, starting from 60,70's already there, made many accomplishments over the years, state investment is particularly large, Chen Division to your observation, we have the technical, the birthplace of the United States, compared with the gap between How much?

Joan Chen: From the application level is concerned, we narrowed the gap is growing, but the software is a very special industry, the core technology for its master, and if you do not make it bigger, you are based, I do not speak core technology, since each part has a core technology, the most basic technical terms, you will always encounter. If you want to do strong, you must use your basic techniques, there is no basis for product development is not up. In fact, our country has been in the lead, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology set up, in fact two aspects to guide you in the other industries in the shrinking case, a separate software to set up a Division, showing the software in the Industry and Information Technology the importance of integration among the process. This is the first. Second, in the middle of the process of integration can be seen side of the role of the software here. In this case, the software continually advance and improve ourselves is very, very important, and upgrade their technology to solve some things. I spoke in front of a hint, technically speaking, we have done before the operating system, did the database, our operating systems are used in the military for many years, the key is to continuously upgrade the products of its technology, continuously integration in, continues to develop its series of things that we can not do. Now we have this ability, so countries on the basis of proposed nuclear high base software, infrastructure software is actually stronger must be the. Why do strong? Software industry is actually a chain, there must be technology, products, systems, services, in the inside I want to strengthen the right to speak, not to say that I want to overthrow the basis of software inside Microsoft, who put down, but inside in the base software, if people card me, I have my technique, to meet the needs of my application, I am not in the basic software and others, but one for my services to enhance the entire industry, so they need to do supporting industrial base is a basis for industrial integration.

Ministry of Information Industry and the integration time, in the process of integration of industry and information technology among the current situation needs some operating systems, which we now bear the brunt of these products, you should immediately go to someone else, is very unfavorable to us. Why? Because we are a manufacturing country, a lot of products out of the cottage, because China can produce all the components, but software in leaving a shortfall of one, do not ride up, Lack? Operating system. Operating system on the Industry and Information Technology integration is particularly important, so do our country strong, then the crisis in the manufacturing industry to break through to create our own brands, we must master this technology. The process of integration among the technology is very important. Therefore, to act as a country to invest. More important countries have seen us these companies already have these conditions, in front of me talked about a few years ago we would have R & D capability, the soft-Bo at the basic software also features a number of Caozuojitong, including the database, including Zhong Jian parts, gives us increased confidence in the software industry to do this is strong need to grasp.

"Nuclear high base" should learn from the 80's basic software failures

Moderator: State the major projects of nuclear high base should be said that many of the software industry, including many non-software industry, Chinese people are impressed. We are in the 80's, developing countries had invested heavily in infrastructure software, but which wave without success. Our new major projects in nuclear high base what lessons should be learned?

Joan Chen: The last two lessons. One lesson is that when we study it as a technology, so the study of continuous product has not done enough. I can tell you, now you do Linux, we had late 80s, early 90s, we do the operating system and it is also the same, but because our government put less, add up to a total of 20 million was only a Therefore, little follow-up study. Fewer follow-up study is the most deadly, so out of respect to follow-up and industrial integration, product integration, and this point is lacking. So, for us this lesson is very, very big.

The second lesson, in the middle of doing it, there must be a number I called killer Ye Hao, key technology or, in order, and others are competitors. Otherwise, one outside the most basic changes, outside all useless, all useless application software, so basic software and application software integration is also important. This combination is not empty talk will combine the efforts of our past few years, our business with this condition. Inside the system that I use the Microsoft operating system can use what I now order from your constraints, I can not get one, what I need what you can, so I applied field point is not restricted. Previously not, why? Because my application level is not high, you have to follow a change I change, change not to remove, and to do everything over again. That was the power of our industry or not, the power industry, including the number of our industry. , The Frontier some 鏃堕棿 we are always kept two, one is to grasp business process model, why corporations in the quality control capabilities, making products to have this thing, no such Dongxi not work. Second, to the end of last year, billions of dollars of software companies have 1,000 home.

Moderator: 984.

Joan Chen: scale as before, of course, smaller or more, we have such a big business, not the number of big problems, but in all fields have their own things inside. This case, to do their own software, and is likely to be successful, the key is to see how well we execute. From this perspective, in particular, wants the state to carry out more effectively support the flowers to the place should be spent. I own management software for so many years, to so much money I am very excited with the now fashionable words not bad money, the key difference is that you have the ability to market to do down the inside can not put our industry to link the various departments, with together to increase our voice. The voice is very important because now the voice is not like the original Microsoft for an operating system is a voice, the voice is not only products, as well as systems, services. Through this to increase our voice and can speak. Without this ability, you have the right to speak also say something and that government support is still very, very critical.

Joan Chen: Nuclear high base special to "drying faster"

Moderator: Many people know the high base our entire nuclear project, five years of planning, investment funds must have a 2,3 billion is huge, many of the software industry are very excited about hearing. Here, too, should also have a question, Mr Secretary issue you mentioned, the money must be spent to place the flowers, and now software companies, especially in the operating system, office software, there are some results, these companies may now high on the nuclear base This project funds the state of mind may have some not on the local, Chen Secretary to the foundation can also provide some suggestions of software vendors?

Joan Chen: Actually you just tell the government to vote so much, now not cast down, to vote is one stage a cast, see the previous results. Why now looks extensive, because a feature of the Chinese people, just say no, we are anxious to dry, dry, then it can not be starting from scratch. Therefore, the current situation, we stress one must be quick-drying. Therefore, in this area was the open tendering, bid evaluation, we compare, but then again, I asked them higher, and finally look at how to acceptance and sustained investment. Involves continuous investment because the original only concerned with the operating system, but also overseas expansion, there is a corresponding middleware, middleware systematic middleware, as well as individual applications, middleware, development of the database is true, the database is the future fully universal database, or a database field, the program should become finer, the strength of various industries play. As a government, it is now the key is the software services industry Ministry of Industry and head of the Division has no overall plan and the general idea, but the planning and thinking is very, very important. We are in the whole development process, one we started in the leadership Lingdao target is clear, and the target of a Jieduan how to achieve a stage yes, what role, and now looks Zhegezuofa or on the. That is so because the rapid development of software industry, from 10,20 million in 92 years, now more than 7000 billion to a trillion next year, I believe the government's input is wrong. More importantly, there is one, and I want to say where the financial crisis, the software industry as long as invigorating, and can increase the number of new job opportunities, because the software industry is and the various manufacturing, service connections, these positions is gradually provided by us is created, it provides many new employment opportunities. Inside of future software company, and if all do a lot of services, not the software in your company, may be sent to users to do the scene. Therefore, the company seems not very many people, but a lot are at the scene, this is true and the user, the customer together. The traditional telling, we had about the deepening process, such as food, processed flour, processed food, processed dumplings gradually deepened, processing and utilization of information resources is also deepening, deepening the process can generate new software, new hardware and new systems, new services, many services now than in the previous information in society is not, Sina so many people, precisely because society to information, it is inevitable, but how come these positions? that information out. Why can increase these positions? Software played an important role, which is a key.

Now use 3G, let you use cell phones came out, with the problem involves software, services, payment of the problem, the software more and more indispensable in the middle of life. May be several years later, not the entire software industry, software, into various places on everywhere all the. By this time, we engage in the software industry were also completed our mission. If you do not to this, there are many way to go, we really want to integrate into the future, not the software tool, the real owner or a lot of customers, increase job opportunities in his new side. I now hope that those people who trade actively outsourcing these services out, as many units they do not run a canteen, a catering company contracted to do professional, this is the future. Software development may be more forward, the more specialized needs, the development process in the software industry I appreciate deeply. Software industry to move on, the community must, society can develop software with this condition do not have the development of this condition can not. Therefore, I based on our software to be full of confidence because the minds of the Chinese people and China's current economic base, should be able to support and strengthen the software industry.

Moderator: Mr Secretary just talked about the development of nuclear high base should now be faster, quick-drying, from the most recent information we disclosed, the list of nuclear high base bid will be announced at the end of this month, might actually want to start up this project the. There is a problem, the tide of the Internet is fierce, the software industry before we talk a lot, also facing the software items of service restructuring. To office software, for example, both Microsoft Office so that there are new documents such as GG, internet-based office software services. How do we change in this industry, we now have to develop basic software, how to change an industry in such circumstances, the development of basic software that allows us to keep up with the tide, or to have a new high ground, rather than software that we have done now as in 2000 to Microsoft, but Microsoft has come up in 2010.

Joan Chen: You asked this question very well, very critical, we are today nuclear Gao-based infrastructure software, is not about Microsoft's software, made yesterday, but is now let you start, but I have to take into account new areas, particularly the Internet, 3G, your operating system must be to adapt to its needs. Computer translation of the older generation did not do well then, when there is controversy, it was called a computer, it was called the computer, but in fact people still call the computer actually did not see the prospect of it was called like a computer, software is now also in this state. So, I say software is not out this version of Windows or Linux now do, there's the first step is to first do this, because you can not eat a fat one, after all, the continuous development of technology in the future, voice computing, one on the Internet, software security issues have to be in the basic software requirements, the requirements are very, very high, if you want to succeed, but also the basis for a corresponding development of the industry, that is, the Internet, including the development of Sina, the basis of the domestic software development should place great burden, if it is not, I could not either. Because 3G Ye Hao, the Internet, do not look at the United States, in fact, the application can speak Chinese world-class, why do we have these products, the software is not world class? Future triple-play issues, in particular the application of the current 3G, in fact, for us is very, very good opportunity. Let us not forget that this time we have to explore new areas and new markets. So I do not do the product yesterday, and now we must do is use today, but also on tomorrow. Only in this way to my products has gradually begun to take the development of, or your product always sounds like a stress localization inferior than the others, behind first class, no, we will certainly talk about the localization means that the service you have given me better I work more with you the same mind, that is beneficial for our integration. So now the media out of new areas, is gradually as the project depth, these things must be strengthened, and that the software industry, new areas, new applications, especially content must converge.

Moderator: Because of the time, the Secretary talked a lot today, and Chen, chatted industry's past, present, Mr Secretary for so many years has shared his Some Thoughts on the software industry and China's software industry a way out. Thanks to Sina Chen Secretary to do this interview, thank you.

Joan Chen: Thank you for your support of the industry.

Moderator: Thank you.







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Cattle were made with Maya the whole process of real eye

Final result looks like this:

(Figure 1)

Open the Create - NURBS Primitives - Sphere panel, refer to the parameters set under the map, click Create and then close the dialog box.


(Figure 2)


By 3 health, then press 5 to view color display.


(Figure 3)


Hold down the alt key left, right hand on the mouse's left button and middle button, zoom view shows.


(Figure 4)

Access panel in the object input Rotate X - 90.


(Figure 5)

Select the View menu Panel - Layouts - Two Panes Stacked above or below the view and then select the Panels - Panel - Hypershade. Our work area should be as shown below:


(Figure 6)

Super in chart below select Create-Materials-Lambert, a new Lambert material appears in the work area above the double-click in the new food material properties appear Editor


(Figure 7)

In the Attribute Editor, click the color behind the black box, the chart shows Create Render Node, select 2D Textures - Ramp. And then drag the material onto the object, use the middle mouse button drag the material onto the object. And then on the menu, select materials that map Shading-Hardware Texturing, then material texture in a small ball.


(Figure 8)

Now let's change the Ramp Attributes of color, as shown by the


(Figure 9)


Then choose from the top of a brown above, click on its back Reversing Checkerboard, Create Render Node chart appears. Select 2D Textures - Noise, set the Solid Fractal Attributes and Color Balance menu parameters, as shown below:


(Figure 10)

Click Select and Close, appeared under the map results.


(Figure 11)

Now we do the eyes of the second layer, also we do not use any light reflection. Select Edit - Duplicate or press Ctrl + D, then the icon in the construction of a new super material Phong material, double-click to open it in the material editor property, set as shown:


(Figure 12)

Click Select and Close, and then drag the new copy of the new material to just a small ball. Here we first hide the ball just copied Display - Hide - Hide Selection, then select Panels - Orthographic - Side, and then select the ball right-click select Control Vertex, edit form as shown


(Figure 13)


(Figure 14)

In the top view, the establishment of two Spot Lights to illuminate the eyes.


(Figure 15)

Now we are ready to render the current view of the. Select and copy the two eyes were balls choose Render - Set NURBS Tessellation panel to increase our refined model created nubs


(Figure 16)

Click Set and Close. Select Window - Rendering Editors - Render Globals to set up your project file a name you like, and the size of the size of the fight still holding the quality and so the effect of rendering the first one is the effect of the above .







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China's own 3G licenses will be ready to go from the TD-SCDMA

12鏈?鏃ユ秷鎭紝涓浗鑷富鐮斿彂鐨?G鎵嬫満锛屽凡缁忓彲浠ュぇ瑙勬ā涓婂競锛岃繖涔熸剰鍛崇潃涓栫晫浜哄彛鏈?鐨勫浗瀹讹紝灏嗘湁鏈涘湪杩戞湡杩囨浮鍚?G鎵嬫満鏃朵唬銆?br />
According to AFP, Financial Times, said China's homegrown 3G mobile technology is ready, and put into large-scale commercial market will no longer difficult. It is reported that China will use self-developed TD-SCDMA 3G mobile phone technology, which will be different from other parts of the world market standards, such as the popular European WCDMA, CDMA2000, etc. used in the United States.

"Today's TD-SCDMA technology standard that can form an independent network? The answer is yes. Then it will be compatible mobile phones there? Answer is also yes." China's second largest telecommunications equipment manufacturer ZTE president of business process in an interview that "everything is now waiting, waiting for permission from the government and telecommunications operators action."

In fact, TD-SCDMA technology ready for market have been expecting the government issued 3G licenses the old foundation, and the license once the start, the Chinese telecom operators will start immediately to establish 3G networks and services.

On the other hand, although China has to build out their own 3G technology, the Government has said that the information and communications industry, ICT will the door open to overseas investors. Wu helped the Chinese government in Hong Kong in high-level multinational conference that today's China is very welcome hope to enter the domestic market to overseas operators, they are strongly encouraged to establish R & D center in China. "China will adhere to the policy change, welcome all international companies and local business and government cooperate to jointly promote the development of ICT industry."






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As the final renderings.

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Like hold down the ALT key under the plan as crazy with the selection tool to copy



Now all the layers except the background layer into a single layer extrusion layer 1 implementation of the filter distortion as shown



Copy the layer name Layer 1 and 2 to map level version to Figure 2 on Figure 1 below is adjusted by CTRL + T shape in Figure



Layer 1 in the construction of Figure 3 above oval tool to draw a circle in front of fish body is still red to yellow in the path of the fish's head as a gradient fill



In Figure 3 and Figure 1, the middle layer 4 with a brush built in the head with a red smear on the right edge drawn around the flush fish gills



Will now be combined by layer layer 1 draw with a pen-shaped path shown in Figure fish body






[Next]



Remove anti-election



Goldfish with the lasso tool and feathering the top 10 Figure drawing constituency



Press CTRL + B tune out the color balance adjustment is shown in Figure



Below the fish body with a lasso drawing constituency in the emergence 10 CTRL + B notes, as Figure



Fish body with the same approach in the middle of playing electoral emergence 10 CTRL + M is adjusted with the curve



Playing a little bit in the lower right corner of the constituency CTRL + B adjustment






[Next]



Department of the tail do align with the same



Well, the three-dimensional fish body basically has to do the fish eye out of the building is now playing a round layer constituency to the foreground color to yellow background color set to dark green with a radial gradient fill



Implementation of the filter effect of plastic packaging in Figure Art



In the center of the fish eye to draw a perfect circle filled with pink feathered 5 and then adjust the transparency of the eye of this layer is 66



Constituency building layers in the eye with a circle centered on a small bit of perfect circle filled with yellow and then re-emergence implementation of the strokes shown in Figure



Brush in the center of a black eye pupil then deepen and burn tool for further processing



In layer 1 is built layer below the fish body hit a perfect circle the size of the right to yellowish with a red radial gradient fill to make the other side of the eye goldfish and then built on this layer below the layer the same way Figure Drawing with a foam eye black pixel brush to draw the front of the mouth of goldfish






[Next]



Now all the layers except the prospects layer into layer 1 in the top build a new layer use Lasso tool to make a long narrow triangle constituency red to yellow gradient fill to the line



Hold down the ALT key with the selection tool copy down the triangle last name into one layer 2 layer 2 layer copy and hidden for later use and then press CTRL + T transfer is shown in Figure Figure 2



Figure 2, the fin is 90 degrees to the implementation of the shear distortion



Figure 2 for the Gaussian blur with a pixel to map level version of the Figure 2 into Figure 1 below the top with the lasso tool to draw an irregular constituency fins emergence delete Figure 10



Show hidden layer to stretch some of it



Implementation of the distorted wave filter parameters for the generator is 5 wavelengths other parameters default to 1438 and then CTRL + T to make some adjustments and put it in Figure 90 degrees



Shear and then use it to adjust some of my satisfaction, after being shown on-line transfer






[Next]



Look into the tail spin it at the end of the constituency to fight an irregular emergence delete Figure 10



Press CTRL + T and then to transfer are shown to make it look more coordinated and fish body



Irregular in the tail of a constituency office emergence playing 10 notes are in accordance with CTRL + B parameters 100-1000 to make it look a little to become red



The system a good copy of a fish tail and then use it to shape shear have shown some changes



In the same way as the maw of the following have done a complete goldfish fins Figure production process



The system well into the screen in the goldfish.











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Paladin 4 clearance thoughts to encourage

Struggled for several nights, and finally clearance of the Sword and 4, to the above to sigh about, before diving over in the Ranger to see other people's Raiders, people sigh, people curse. The sudden hard up, attached a few days made a few stickers. .浠婂ぉ灏辩畻鏈?悗閫氬叧璐村惂锛屾垨璁稿張瑕佹綔姘村幓鍜? .

銆??浠欏墤4灞炰簬鍥藉唴娓告垙閲岄潰鍋氱殑寰堢敤蹇冪殑涓?娓告垙浜嗐? Starting the evening had just found the card not work, then condemning continued to Sina Ranger, was quite disappointed.

銆??浣嗘槸锛屾垜杩樻槸鐜╄繘鍘讳簡(澶у姣曚笟浠ュ悗灏卞啀娌℃湁鐜╄繃娓告垙锛岀壒鍒槸鍗曟満鐗堟父鎴?銆?When the University also has no interest in the game slowly, so Sword 3 ----- rumored Yigai not played there in the heroes to 4 cents a quiz question answer which made what better to do something to us Sin 3, Sin 3 rumor has not played one for a guide.

There are three general feeling.

1.鐢婚潰缁濆鍙互鐨勩? And I heard that the Chinese developed their own. Particularly like. People more sophisticated, though not compared with other foreign game, but, after all, people still looked very comfortable.

2. Fairly well written story, with Xian a whole still has gaps. .鑰屼笖浜虹墿鎶婃彙涓?璁╂垜瑙夊緱 鎱曞绱嫳鏈夌偣閮侀椃锛屼粈涔堟劅鎯呮垙閮借疆涓嶅埌浠栵紝姣忔浜哄鎶辨姳锛屼粬閮藉彧鍦ㄦ梺杈圭湅銆?. I am definitely depressed if he hit a wall. Moreover, almost never mentioned Murong of life experience, people think that some follow-up flavor. . . Is also a rumor that 4 cents?

However, the overall story is very good, some next to the payment of the same people like the story of community.鏈夋椂鍊欒繕鐗瑰埆鎰熶汉(杩欎釜寤剁画浜嗕粰鍓戠殑浼犵粺浜?

3. Character design last 1 to 1, and is definitely a landmark. . Improvement of the screen with absolutely complement each other. Like in the. . . .

4.闊充箰闈炲父闈炲父寰楀ソ鍚? This makes me very happy, and, erhu and flute ensemble is with national characteristics, so much good music so I had to buy the soundtrack cd and the deluxe version of the.

Several comments raised

1. The weapons found after the battle to replace the screen will also change. .閭ｄ箞涓轰粈涔堜笉鎶婅澶囪。鏈嶄篃涓?苟鍋氭帀鍛? .鑰屼笖锛岃繖涓妧鏈幇鍦ㄥ凡缁忔櫘閬嶈繍鐢ㄤ簬缃戞父锛屽簲璇ュ苟涓嶉毦寰楁妸銆?br />
2. Later in the game do not know is that eating allocation algorithm or the problem itself, in the time frame into the dialogue more cards. Wanted to come to my profile is not too low

1g of memory, amd3200 the cpu, 2 6600gt in sli system card, sata2 hard drive. .涓轰粈涔堢帺鐫?孩娓告垙閮戒細鍗″憿銆?br />
3. Despite rampant piracy, but in any case the game will always be cracked, and spend so much money on the security version of the game why not do better then.

After all, a good game is not afraid of piracy. .褰撳勾鎴戝湪缃戝惂鐜╃殑浠欏墤1锛屼絾鏄紝涔嬪悗鏈変簡鐢佃剳锛岃繕鏄幓涔颁簡姝ｇ増鐨勪粰鍓?銆?. . This is well proved.

Well finally play. . Intends to purchase after 20 Deluxe Edition (mainly for music cd, although the Internet is also obtained.. But the good thing is I want to support)

So many years so I can put, also online hair Cheats, written reflections of the game is the first time. Graduated from college more than 1 year, work he is very busy, and the latter also busy abroad, going abroad to China before the intention to play a good game themselves, in fact, full of moving. After all is hard to do really see the game.

A paste, I say we still have to more hatred and doubt, after all, their children, do not curse will not grow, however, said that, I was distressed that their children have. Census drawn hope they get better. . As glorious as that time the company sold abroad. . Sword and to stick with it. . Be 11,12,13,14. By that time, my son play, I can proudly told him how his father then persistent obsession with the obsession with this game.







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